The belief of a Muslim is summarised in the
declaration of faith known as the kalimah (meaning: a word) and this is:
Laa ilaaha illAllaaha
Muhammadur-Rasoolullaah
The meaning of this: 'There is nothing which has the
right to be worshipped except Allaah[1] (alone) and Muhammad is His
Messenger."
Muslims believe that this Universe, by necessity, has a
Creator. It is hard for a person's common sense to encompass that the Universe
with all its order and regulation is a product of mere chance. One of the
scholars of Islaam, known as Abu Haneefah (d. 150H) once debated some atheists.
He asked them: "What do you say about someone who tells you that he had
seen a loaded ship without a captain and a crew amidst a strong storm, but
sailing well towards a safe harbour [ thereby saving itself]? Do you
intelligently accept this?" They said: "Our reasoning cannot accept
this". Abu Haneefah then commented: "If your reasoning does not accept
the story of a ship without a leading crew, then how do you accept a whole
universe with all its varied conditions and complex nature running without a
Creator in full charge?" So the atheists were dumbfounded and came to
believe in Allaah. Allaah says in the Qur'aan:
Verily, in the creation of the Heavens and the
Earth, and in the alternation of the night and day, and the ships that sail through the
sea with that which is of benefit to human-kind, and the rain which Allaah sends down from
the sky and makes the earth alive therewith after its death, and the moving (living)
creatures of all kinds that He scatters therein, and in the changes in the direction of
the winds, and the clouds which are held between the sky and the earth, are indeed Aayaat
(proofs, signs, evidences) for a people of understanding [Baqarah 2:164]
Thus, Muslims believe in the existence of Allaah, that
He is the Originator and Creator of the Universe. And it follows therefore,
that Muslims hold that the universe and everything within it has a definite
purpose. As Allaah has said:
I have not created Men and Jinn except that they
may worship Me [Dhaariyaat 51:56]
In this one short sentence, Allaah has explained clearly
to human-kind the purpose of their existence, something, for which philosophers,
scientists and intellectuals have never been able, in the duration of
human-kind's existence, to provide a conclusive and unanimous answer. Worship,
here, is a comprehensive term, covering every single aspect of life, whether
related to one's personal life, or related to the others.
It is also possible for there to exist other 'gods'
because the definition of a 'god' in Islaam, is something that is adored or
worshipped or given obedience, or which is the centre of people's emotions -
such as love, fear, hope, reliance, trust etc. Therefore, many things can become
'gods' and can be made into 'gods' by people. Such things include: money,
status, power, leaders, parents, idols, music, pop-stars, drugs and other
created things. People make these things into 'gods' because they believe that
these things can give them whatever they want, that they can find true
satisfaction in these things, as well as honour and power. So once they have
decided that their goal in life is money, or drugs, or status - they have made
it their 'god' i.e. that thing they believe can provide them with satisfaction
and freedom from anxiety. And all the actions that they perform in order to get
these things or which will lead them to these things is their form of 'worship'
of these 'gods'. Allaah has said:
And they have taken (for worship), besides Allaah, other
gods, that they might give them honour, power and glory [Maryam 19:81]
This is why Allaah has forbidden the worship of other
things since in that lies the greatest humiliation and subjugation: The
enslavement and worship of man (or material things), by man. One of the generals
of the Muslim army, in the earliest times of Islaam, in approaching a certain
district said to its people: "We have come to liberate whomsoever Allaah
wills from among His Servants, from the worship of men by men to the worship of
the Lord of all Men."
Muslims believe that Allaah - the One True God - alone
has control over life and death, that He alone sends the rain and bestows
sustenance, that He alone can save people when in distress and in trouble, that
He alone controls and owns whatever is upon the Earth and in the Universe and
may direct it in whichever way He wills. And hence, for true satisfaction and
peace or ease of mind, He alone should be made the object of people's yearning
and desire, and He alone, turned to for the things that people seek and need.
From this perspective the worship of other things besides Allaah, can be seen to
be futile and useless and this is why the worshipping of saints, prophets,
angels, idols and other created, material things is considered the worst evil a
human can commit.
Allaah mentions many times that when people are in
distress they know deep inside that there is one thing alone that can save them
or remove the harm from them, and that is Allaah. Even an atheist, when his life
is in danger and there is no other way out will have a hope in his heart that
something can save him. This 'something' he has a hope in is actually Allaah,
since the hearts have an instinctive belief in and acknowledgement of a Supreme
Creator and this is one of the proofs that Allaah exists. Allaah explains this
reality many times in the Qur'aan:
It is He who enables you to travel through the land and
sea, till when you are in the ships and they (the ships) sail with them (the
people) while there is a favourable wind, they are glad due to it. Then comes a
stormy wind and the waves come to them from all sides and they think that they
will be engulfed by them - then - they call upon Allaah, making their faith
purely for Him alone, saying: "If you deliver us from this, we shall truly
be amongst the grateful." But when he delivers them, behold they rebel
(disobey Allaah) in the earth wrongfully. [Yoonus 10:22-23]
So in times of dire hardship and need people return to
the only thing they know can help and deliver them and that is the One True God
- Allaah.
This, then is the meaning of: "None has the right
to be worshipped except Allaah (alone)", the first part of a Muslim's
declaration of his faith - that no created thing is deserving of, or has the
right to subservience and worship. Rather, Allaah alone, by virtue of His being
the Originator, Owner and Controller of the Universe has this sole right.
The second part of a Muslim's declaration is:
"Muhammad is His Messenger". Muslim's believe that from time to time
Allaah sent Prophets to convey His Message - in order to inform human-kind about
the purpose of their existence and how to fulfil that purpose. Thus, he sent
Abraham, Noah, Moses, Jesus and also Muhammad (peace be upon them all), as well
as all the other Prophets sent throughout history. Allaah said:
And We have raised in every community a Messenger
(proclaiming): "Worship Allaah alone, and avoid false gods." [Nahl 16:36]
Muslim's believe that the Message of all the Prophets is
one and the same, namely, the call to the worship of the One True God alone, and
avoiding the worship of other things besides Him, as has been explained above.
The role of the Prophet's is to exemplify to human-kind
how they are supposed to fulfil their duty to their Lord and Creator, Allaah -
the One True God and how they are to worship Him alone - without associating or
setting up partners with Him. Thus every Prophet had with him a code, an example
or a 'model of behaviour'. Muslim's believe that the example of Prophet Muhammad
who is the last of the Prophet's sent by Allaah to human-kind is the practical
and physical way to perform one's worship of Allaah - and therefore, the way to
live a meaningful and purposeful life upon this earth. This code, termed the
Sunnah (meaning: a way), is comprehensive. It includes such things as how to
eat, how to dress, how to do business, how to pray, how to maintain a family,
how to be an upright, decent and moral person, how to behave with other humans,
how to behave with nature, how to govern a country or state. It includes every
facet of life. And thus we can understand the saying of Allaah:
He it is Who sent among the unlettered ones a
Messenger (Muhammad) from among themselves, reciting to them His Verses, purifying them
(from the filth of disbelief and polytheism), and teaching them the Book (this Qur'aan,)
and the Wisdom (meaning the Sunnah: legal ways, orders, acts of worship, etc. of Prophet
Muhammad). And verily, they had been before in manifest error. [Jumu'ah 62:2]
There is in the Messenger of Allaah, a beautiful pattern
of conduct for whoever hopes in (Meeting with) Allaah and the Last Day and
remembers Allaah much. [Ahzaab 33:21]
To a Muslim therefore, the religion of Islaam is a
complete and perfect way of life and hence the saying of Allaah in the Qur'aan:
This day have I perfected for you, your religion,
completed My favour upon you and have chosen for you, Islaam as your religion. [Maa'idah
5:3]
This is what ties more than a billion Muslims -
world-wide - together. This declaration of faith: "Laa ilaaha illAllaaha
Muhammadur-Rasoolullaah (There is nothing that has the right to be worshipped
except Allaah alone, and Muhammad is His Messenger)", which consists of
just a few words but has a comprehensive meaning, touching upon every single
aspect of a human's life.
Footnotes
1 The word Allaah is comprised of two words: Al - which
is the definite article and Ilaah - which means something that is worshipped.
Thus, Allaah (a combination of these two words) means: The true object of
worship. Allaah is the same 'God' that Jews and Christians believe in and it is
wrong to assume that Allaah is the Muslim 'God'. In fact, the Hebrew word for
'God' is 'Eloh' which is similar to 'Ilaah' in Arabic.
An Introduction to the First Pillar of Islaam : The Declaration of Faith